@article{kupitz_technical_2022,
	title = {Technical {Note}: {Assessment} of radiation measurement devices for the detection of  [(177) {Lu}]{Lu}-labelled radiopharmaceuticals containing [(177m) {Lu}]{Lu}-impurities.},
	copyright = {This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {2473-4209 0094-2405},
	doi = {10.1002/mp.15951},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Nuclear medicine therapies using [(177) Lu]Lu-labelled  radiopharmaceuticals have increased significantly in recent years. Some of these  radiopharmaceuticals contain long-lived impurities of [(177m) Lu]Lu.  Identification of this specific contamination and its quantification is important  in different scenarios. PURPOSE: In this study, standard measurement hardware  used for handling radioisotopes was evaluated for the measurement of [(177m)  Lu]Lu and [(177) Lu]Lu at equilibrium. Device-specific detection limits (LODs)  for [(177m) Lu]Lu were determined according to international standards and then  validated. METHODS: The LODs were determined according to the international  standard ISO 11929-1 for [(177m) Lu]Lu for five identical portable contamination  monitors (PCM), a wastewater counter (WWC), and a release counter system (RCS) at  different measuring times. Subsequent activity measurements of the defined  samples were used to validate the linearity of the measurement instruments down  to the LOD for each system. RESULTS: The average LOD across all PCMs was 0.249 ±  0.009 Bq/cm(2) and 0.129 ± 0.005 Bq/cm(2) for 10 s and 30 s measurements,  respectively. The LODs of WWC varied between 3.3-4.7 Bq/L for measurement times  of 300 s and 0.8-1.3 Bq/L for 3600 s depending on the energy window studied. The  LOD of the RCS depended on the container volume and was 0.08 Bq/g for the 50 L  container at 60 s measurement. The measurements for all examined devices were  linear down to the LOD (correlation coefficient R ≥ 0.96; coefficient of  determination R(2) ≥ 0.92). CONCLUSIONS: All investigated measuring instruments  (PCM, WWC, RCS) were suitable for the determination of [(177m) Lu]Lu at  equilibrium, and their specific LODs were determined. Based on the measurements  performed, activity is overestimated; however, this is tolerable because  assumptions and measurements in the context of radiation protection should be  conservative. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
	language = {eng},
	journal = {Medical physics},
	author = {Kupitz, Dennis and Einspänner, Eric and Wissel, Heiko and Hohn, Alexander and Kreissl, Michael C. and Grosser, Oliver S.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2022},
	pmid = {36208077}
}